1/4" = 1' could be rewritten as 1:48.

1/4" = 1' could be rewritten as 1:48.
Think of it this way, there are (48) quarter inches in one foot.

From that I believe it should be easy to see that 1:48 is not the same as 1:150... but it is close to 1:50. You could make your measurement with the 1/4" scale and multiply your answer by 3.125 to get the number of feet.

If you scaled your pipe using the 1/4" scale, and the scale reads 10. Normally this would mean 10 feet, but in your case take 10 and multiply by 3.125 and you will get 31.25 feet.

That should work, you can double check my math on a known dimension... but you should be really careful when scaling any plan. Most plans specifically warn against scaling the plan and recommend only using dimensioned lengths that are given to you. If the length is not given it is always recommended to call the designer for a clarification.

Bentley Projectwise And AutoCAD LT

Projectwise does not support AutoCAD LT. you can open and view dwg files but not save.

http://communities.bentley.com/products/projectwise/content_management/m/mediagallery/177368

Civil 2014 Deployment Missing Subassembl​y Composer AutoCAD Infrastructure suite Premium C3D_SubassemblyComposer.exe

Infrastructure suite Premium was missing subassembly composer when was first released. Download and extract the latest Civil 3D program for your version or the suite version. You can just download Civil3D 2014.
Search for "C3D_SubassemblyComposer.exe" mine was in: Autodesk_IDSP_2014_English_Win_64bit_dlm\x64\Components\SAC.
Run "C3D_SubassemblyComposer.exe".

Chkdsk Check Disk

http://superuser.com/questions/292338/chkdsk-questions

EA Records are Extended Attribute records. They're a feature of NTFS that allows for a file to have custom extra metadata stored along with it (metadata that is not interpretable to the file system). EA records are a somewhat obscure feature of NTFS that are used very infrequently, but having a few of them doesn't mean that there's anything wrong with your filesystem.
As an interesting side note, EA records are actually intended to support the emulation of OS/2, an early Microsoft operating system that is still used in some legacy systems (support officially ended 2006). Wikipedia notes that some Windows POSIX layers use EA records to store unix permissions fields.
Reparse Records establish Reparse Points within your file system. Reparse Points are a very interesting feature of NTFS that allow a file to be tagged with some data that will essentially result in a program (an FS Filter, sort of like a driver) being run every time you access the file. They're not used a lot, most notably they are used to create symlinks in Windows (via the mklink command) and for volume mount points (this is an obscure feature of Windows that allows you to mount a device as a folder in another device, somewhat like the Unix file system). A normal Windows install will have a number of them that are set up by the installer.
these entries both refer to infrequently used features of NTFS, which is why there's a small number of occurrences of each. They don't indicate any kind of problem with your file system or operating system.